PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS OF THE PHENOMENON OF GROWING UP DURING EMERGING ADULTHOOD

Abstract

This article is devoted to a theoretical analysis of the phenomenon of emerging adulthood – an intermediate stage of adulthood – as a distinct, fully-fledged stage of personality development between the ages of 18 and 29, characterized by its own phenomenology, psychological challenges, and specific risks. Based on Arnett’s concept and contemporary international empirical studies, the key characteristics of this period are examined: an intense search for identity, instability, self-focus as a necessary condition for the formation of autonomy, a sense of “in-between-ness,” and a broad vision of possibilities. It is shown that traditional sociodemographic markers of adulthood are giving way to a subjective sense of maturity, which is based on taking responsibility for one’s own decisions, developing independence, and readiness for stable relationships. The dynamics of identity statuses were analyzed separately: commitment and conscious choices correlate with reduced anxiety and higher self-esteem, whereas ruminative exploration is a predictor of psychological distress. The role of life meaning as a key mediating factor between identity search and mental health is examined: the presence of meaning mitigates the negative consequences of uncertainty, whereas its absence intensifies stress and dissatisfaction. The findings are situated within the Ukrainian context of military and social instability, which radically transforms trajectories of adulthood and increases the vulnerability of youth with unstable identity statuses. The necessity of psychosocial interventions is substantiated, focused not only on emotional regulation but also on the development of subjectivity, reflection on values, and purposeful meaning-making.