ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF THE PLANNED ACTIVITY OF THE SHEVCHENKIV SANDSTONE DEPOSIT OF THE KALUGA DISTRICT OF THE IVANO-FRANKIVSK REGION ON THE FLORA AND FAUNA

Abstract

The article presents the specifics of the planned activity’s influence of the Shevchenkiv sandstone deposit on the flora and fauna of the Kaluska district in Ivano-Frankivsk region. Sandstone mining is carried out by an open-pit mining (quarrying) method. This has a negative impact on the state of biological diversity both in the area where the stone is mined and in the area directly adjacent to it within the sanitary protection zone (SPZ). It has been established that biologically or ecologically valuable species are replaced by species that are more resistant, usually ruder, adventive, and sometimes even aggressive, which not only have no value, but also displace local species. The Shevchenkiv deposit has been in existence since 1975, and is an area on which production activity was already carried out. The current project area allocated for sandstone mining is already mined, located within the transformed communities, in which synanthropic species (adventophytes and anthropophytes) predominate. In some areas, groups were found that were formed with the participation of invasive plants, the analogues of which are absent among the natural vegetation of the Carpathians. A typical representative of such a flora is the himalayan balsam (Impatiens glandulifera L.) and small balsam (Impatiens parviflora DC). Around the quarry of the Shevchenkiv deposit and within the project area allocated for sandstone mining, the most common species are the annual fleabane (Phalacroloma annuum (L.) Dumort.), european goldenrod (Solidago virgaurea L.), wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.), black nightshade Solanum nigrum L., hop trefoil (Trifolium campestre Schreb), rabbitfoot clover (T. arvense L.), owl-head clover (T. alpestre L.).